Niger

Niger became independent from France on 3 August 1960 and experienced single-party and military rule until democratic government in 1993. Coups were experienced in 1996 and 1999, followed by two terms in office of Mamadou Tandja, culminating in his 2009 attempt to change the constitution to allow another term of office. A military coup followed in February 2010. In April 2011 Mahamadou Issoufou was sworn in as president of Niger after being elected. 

Niger has a mixed legal system of civil law based on French civil law, Islamic law, and customary law.

Niger has a constitution dating from 31 October 2010.